Emergency Ingredient Substitutions

Baking powder (1 teaspoon)
1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar + 1/4 teaspoon baking soda or 1/4 teaspoon soda and 1/2 cup sour milk.

Beef broth
1 beef bouillon cube + 1 cup hot water or 1 cup canned beef broth or bouillon or 1 teaspoon instant beef bouillon + 1 cup hot water.

Bread crumbs, dry (1/4 cup)
1/4 cup cracker crumbs or cornmeal or 2/3 cup rolled oats or 1-cup soft bread crumbs.

Butter (1 cup)
1 cup margarine or 7/8 or 1 cup vegetable shortening + 1/2 teaspoon salt or 7/8 cup lard + 1/2 teaspoon salt.

Chicken broth (1 cup)
1 chicken bouillon cube + 1 cup hot water or 1 teaspoon instant chicken bouillon + 1 cup hot water, or 1 cup canned chicken broth or cooking liquid from simmered chicken.

Chocolate unsweetened (1 ounce)
3 tablespoons cocoa + 1 tablespoon shortening.

Cornstarch (1 tablespoon)
2 tablespoons flour.

Cream, half-and-half (1 cup)
7/b cup milk plus 3 tablespoons margarine or butter.

Cream, sour (1 cup)
1-tablespoon vinegar or lemon juice plus enough evaporated milk to make 1 cup. Let stand 5 minutes before using; stir. Use for cooked recipe ingredient only.

Flour, cake (1 cup)
7/8 cup (or 1 cup minus 2-tablespoons) all-purpose flour.

Flour for thickening (1 tablespoon)
1/2 tablespoon cornstarch or 2 teaspoons quick-cooking tapioca.

Garlic (1 clove)
1/8 teaspoon garlic powder, or 1/2 teaspoon garlic salt (reduce salt in recipe by 1/4 teaspoon).

Herbs, fresh (1 tablespoon)
1 teaspoon dried herbs.

Honey (1 cup)
1 1/4 cup sugar + 1/4 cup liquid (water, juice, etc.); use in recipes only.

Milk, whole (1 cup)
1 cup reconstituted nonfat dry milk + 2 teaspoons margarine or butter, or 1/2 cup undiluted evaporated milk + 1/2 cup water.

Milk, sour (1 cup}
1 tablespoon lemon juice or vinegar + enough milk to make 1 cup.

Mustard, prepared (1 teaspoon}
1/2 teaspoon dry mustard.

Oil, for frying (1/4 cup)
1/4 cup melted margarine or butter; or 1/4 cup bacon drippings; or 1/4 cup vegetable shortening or lard, melted.

Onion, 1 medium (1/2 cup chopped)
2 tablespoons onion salt (reduce salt in recipe); or 2 tablespoons instant minced onion or onion flakes; or 1 1/2 teaspoons onion powder.

Sugar, confectioners (1 1/4 cups)
1 cup granulated sugar blended at high speed until pulverized

Tomato Juice (1 cup)
1/2 cup tomato sauce + 1/2 cup water; use for recipe ingredient.

Tomato ketchup or chili sauce (1 cup)
1 cup tomato sauce + 1/2 cup sugar and 2 tablespoons vinegar, for cooked recipe ingredient.

Tomato Sauce (1 cup)
3/4 cup tomato paste + 1/4 cup water.

Tomatoes, cooked (2 cups)
1 can (16 ounces) tomatoes, use for cooked recipe ingredient.

Yeast, compressed (1 cake)
1 package or 2 teaspoons active dry yeast.

Kitchen  Main Library   Estate